Uncategorized

Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These substances are known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and senescence due to their exposure to environmental pollutants and the presence of oxidative enzymes. The lung is […]

Emphysema, a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is primarily caused by prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke, which leads to irreversible alveolar damage. Smoking initiates an inflammatory response characterized by increased neutrophils and macrophages, which release proteolytic enzymes such as elastase and matrix metalloproteinases (Barnes et al., 2020). These enzymes degrade elastin, an essential component

  COVID-19 was a pandemic that took the entire world into its grip. Public education on the preventive measures, principally wearing a mask in public and enclosed spaces, was greatly emphasized before and after vaccination. How did consumer informatics play its role in having this message across the public? What role does social media play in sharing

Hypertension (HTN) is the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it raises the risk of stroke, heart disease, kidney failure, and other debilitating complications. The two major physiological factors that antihypertensive drugs target are cardiac output (CO) and peripheral resistance (PR) both play crucial roles in blood pressure control. By altering these

In order to lower arterial blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs decrease cardiac output, total peripheral resistance or both. Diuretics, beta-blockers, and central adrenergic inhibitors decrease cardiac output. ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists, calcium antagonists, alpha-blockers, central adrenergic inhibitors, and after a delay also diuretics and beta-blockers decrease peripheral resistance (P; 2004). The cardiac stats of the

Mary is a 70-year-old widow with a history of osteoarthritis. She has been self-medicating with over-the-counter acetaminophen, either extra strength (500 mg/tablet) or arthritis strength (650mg/tablet) for over a year now. In addition to osteoarthritis, she also has osteoporosis and gastroesophageal reflux. She presents with the complaint of backache and right knee pain, aggravated by

Susan is a 30-year-old registered nurse who works in transitional care. She presents to employee health stating, “My back is killing me. I was helping to transfer a patient and he moved. I thought he was going to fall, so I twisted around to grab onto him and wrenched my back. The pain is terrible,

EDUCATIONAL POWER POINT  TOPIC IS HYPERTENSION  A description of the diagnosis and common symptoms using lay terms  A holistic treatment plan that includes: One medication and one evidenced-based non-pharmacologic treatment that is used for this diagnosis. Briefly explain how each will help the patient  As a provider briefly outline how you will assess SDOH in

I need your assist in proof reading my assignment. Thanks!